It is necessary to improve the way of life of the local population and invest more funds in recovery projects for nature protection measures in mountain ecosystems. Progress in the mountain regions of the Caucasus might be reached by an improvement in the development of small power industries, fresh water supplies, use of mineral springs, production of ecologically clean products by local farmers, development of aesthetic resources and historical heritage for the development of mountain tourism, gastro-, agro-, ethno- and scientifictourism, weekend tourism and development of hotel businesses. As a first step, detailed scientific investigations should be undertaken to develop an appropriate approach for a particular geographic region.